apollo-backend/internal/reddit/client.go

package reddit

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net/http"
	"regexp"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/DataDog/datadog-go/statsd"
	"github.com/go-redis/redis/v8"
	"github.com/valyala/fastjson"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp"
	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
)

const (
	SkipRateLimiting       = "<SKIP_RATE_LIMITING>"
	RequestRemainingBuffer = 50

	RateLimitRemainingHeader = "x-ratelimit-remaining"
	RateLimitUsedHeader      = "x-ratelimit-used"
	RateLimitResetHeader     = "x-ratelimit-reset"
)

type Client struct {
	id          string
	secret      string
	tracer      trace.Tracer
	client      *http.Client
	pool        *fastjson.ParserPool
	statsd      statsd.ClientInterface
	redis       *redis.Client
	defaultOpts []RequestOption
}

type RateLimitingInfo struct {
	Remaining float64
	Used      int
	Reset     int
	Present   bool
	Timestamp string
}

var (
	backoffSchedule = []time.Duration{
		200 * time.Millisecond,
		500 * time.Millisecond,
		1 * time.Second,
		2 * time.Second,
	}

	defaultErrorMap = map[int]error{
		401: ErrOauthRevoked,
		403: ErrOauthRevoked,
		404: ErrSubredditNotFound,
		429: ErrTooManyRequests,
	}
)

func SplitID(id string) (string, string) {
	if parts := strings.Split(id, "_"); len(parts) == 2 {
		return parts[0], parts[1]
	}

	return "", ""
}

func PostIDFromContext(context string) string {
	exps := []*regexp.Regexp{
		regexp.MustCompile(`\/r\/[^\/]*\/comments\/([^\/]*)\/.*`),
	}

	for _, exp := range exps {
		matches := exp.FindStringSubmatch(context)
		if len(matches) != 2 {
			continue
		}
		return matches[1]
	}
	return ""
}

func NewClient(id, secret string, tracer trace.Tracer, statsd statsd.ClientInterface, redis *redis.Client, connLimit int, opts ...RequestOption) *Client {
	pool := &fastjson.ParserPool{}

	// Preallocate pool
	parsers := make([]*fastjson.Parser, connLimit)
	for i := 0; i < connLimit; i++ {
		parsers[i] = pool.Get()
	}

	for i := 0; i < connLimit; i++ {
		pool.Put(parsers[i])
	}

	t := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport).Clone()
	t.MaxIdleConns = 100
	t.MaxConnsPerHost = 100
	t.MaxIdleConnsPerHost = 100

	httpClient := &http.Client{
		Transport: otelhttp.NewTransport(t),
		Timeout:   4 * time.Second,
	}

	return &Client{
		id,
		secret,
		tracer,
		httpClient,
		pool,
		statsd,
		redis,
		opts,
	}
}

type AuthenticatedClient struct {
	client *Client

	redditId     string
	refreshToken string
	accessToken  string
}

func (rc *Client) NewAuthenticatedClient(redditId, refreshToken, accessToken string) *AuthenticatedClient {
	if redditId == "" {
		panic("requires a redditId")
	}

	if accessToken == "" {
		panic("requires an access token")
	}

	if refreshToken == "" {
		panic("requires a refresh token")
	}

	return &AuthenticatedClient{rc, redditId, refreshToken, accessToken}
}

func (rc *Client) doRequest(ctx context.Context, r *Request, errmap map[int]error) ([]byte, *RateLimitingInfo, error) {
	req, err := r.HTTPRequest(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	start := time.Now()

	resp, err := rc.client.Do(req)

	_ = rc.statsd.Incr("reddit.api.calls", r.tags, 0.1)

	if err != nil {
		_ = rc.statsd.Incr("reddit.api.errors", r.tags, 0.1)
		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "http2: timeout awaiting response headers") {
			return nil, nil, ErrTimeout
		}
		return nil, nil, err
	}
	bb, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	resp.Body.Close()
	_ = rc.statsd.Histogram("reddit.api.latency", float64(time.Since(start).Milliseconds()), r.tags, 0.1)

	rli := &RateLimitingInfo{Present: false}
	if resp.Header.Get(RateLimitRemainingHeader) != "" {
		rli.Present = true
		rli.Remaining, _ = strconv.ParseFloat(resp.Header.Get(RateLimitRemainingHeader), 64)
		rli.Used, _ = strconv.Atoi(resp.Header.Get(RateLimitUsedHeader))
		rli.Reset, _ = strconv.Atoi(resp.Header.Get(RateLimitResetHeader))
		rli.Timestamp = time.Now().String()
	}

	if resp.StatusCode == 200 {
		return bb, rli, nil
	}

	_ = rc.statsd.Incr("reddit.api.errors", r.tags, 0.1)
	if err, ok := errmap[resp.StatusCode]; ok {
		return nil, rli, err
	} else {
		return nil, rli, ServerError{string(bb), resp.StatusCode}
	}
}

func (rc *Client) request(ctx context.Context, r *Request, errmap map[int]error, rh ResponseHandler, empty interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
	bb, _, err := rc.doRequest(ctx, r, errmap)

	if err != nil && err != ErrOauthRevoked && r.retry {
		for _, backoff := range backoffSchedule {
			done := make(chan struct{})

			time.AfterFunc(backoff, func() {
				_ = rc.statsd.Incr("reddit.api.retries", r.tags, 0.1)
				bb, _, err = rc.doRequest(ctx, r, errmap)
				done <- struct{}{}
			})

			<-done

			if err == nil {
				break
			}
		}
	}

	if err != nil {
		_ = rc.statsd.Incr("reddit.api.errors", r.tags, 0.1)
		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "http2: timeout awaiting response headers") {
			return nil, ErrTimeout
		}
		return nil, err
	}

	if r.emptyResponseBytes > 0 && len(bb) == r.emptyResponseBytes {
		return empty, nil
	}

	parser := rc.pool.Get()
	defer rc.pool.Put(parser)

	val, err := parser.ParseBytes(bb)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return rh(val), nil
}

func (rc *Client) subredditPosts(ctx context.Context, subreddit string, sort string, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	url := fmt.Sprintf("https://oauth.reddit.com/r/%s/%s.json", subreddit, sort)
	opts = append(rc.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithMethod("GET"),
		WithURL(url),
	}...)
	req := NewRequest(opts...)

	lr, err := rc.request(ctx, req, defaultErrorMap, NewListingResponse, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return lr.(*ListingResponse), nil
}

func (rc *Client) SubredditHot(ctx context.Context, subreddit string, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	return rc.subredditPosts(ctx, subreddit, "hot", opts...)
}

func (rc *Client) SubredditTop(ctx context.Context, subreddit string, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	return rc.subredditPosts(ctx, subreddit, "top", opts...)
}

func (rc *Client) SubredditNew(ctx context.Context, subreddit string, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	return rc.subredditPosts(ctx, subreddit, "new", opts...)
}

func (rc *Client) SubredditAbout(ctx context.Context, subreddit string, opts ...RequestOption) (*SubredditResponse, error) {
	url := fmt.Sprintf("https://oauth.reddit.com/r/%s/about.json", subreddit)
	opts = append(rc.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithMethod("GET"),
		WithURL(url),
	}...)
	req := NewRequest(opts...)
	srr, err := rc.request(ctx, req, defaultErrorMap, NewSubredditResponse, nil)

	if err != nil {
		if err == ErrOauthRevoked {
			return nil, ErrSubredditIsPrivate
		} else if serr, ok := err.(ServerError); ok {
			if serr.StatusCode == 404 {
				return nil, ErrSubredditNotFound
			}
		}
		return nil, err
	}

	sr := srr.(*SubredditResponse)
	if sr.Quarantined {
		return nil, ErrSubredditIsQuarantined
	}

	return sr, nil
}

func obfuscate(tok string) string {
	tl := len(tok)
	if tl < 6 {
		return "<SHORT>"
	}

	return fmt.Sprintf("%s...%s", tok[0:3], tok[tl-3:tl])
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) ObfuscatedAccessToken() string {
	return obfuscate(rac.accessToken)
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) ObfuscatedRefreshToken() string {
	return obfuscate(rac.refreshToken)
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) request(ctx context.Context, r *Request, errmap map[int]error, rh ResponseHandler, empty interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
	if rac.isRateLimited() {
		return nil, ErrRateLimited
	}

	if err := rac.logRequest(); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	bb, rli, err := rac.client.doRequest(ctx, r, errmap)

	if err != nil && err != ErrOauthRevoked && r.retry {
		for _, backoff := range backoffSchedule {
			done := make(chan struct{})

			time.AfterFunc(backoff, func() {
				_ = rac.client.statsd.Incr("reddit.api.retries", r.tags, 0.1)

				if err = rac.logRequest(); err != nil {
					done <- struct{}{}
					return
				}

				bb, rli, err = rac.client.doRequest(ctx, r, errmap)
				done <- struct{}{}
			})

			<-done

			if err == nil {
				break
			}
		}
	}

	if err != nil {
		_ = rac.client.statsd.Incr("reddit.api.errors", r.tags, 0.1)
		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "http2: timeout awaiting response headers") {
			return nil, ErrTimeout
		}
		return nil, err
	} else {
		_ = rac.markRateLimited(rli)
	}

	if r.emptyResponseBytes > 0 && len(bb) == r.emptyResponseBytes {
		return empty, nil
	}

	parser := rac.client.pool.Get()
	defer rac.client.pool.Put(parser)

	val, err := parser.ParseBytes(bb)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return rh(val), nil
}

//nolint:unparam
func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) logRequest() error {
	if rac.redditId == SkipRateLimiting {
		return nil
	}

	return nil
	// return rac.client.redis.HIncrBy(context.Background(), "reddit:requests", rac.redditId, 1).Err()
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) isRateLimited() bool {
	return false

	/*
		if rac.redditId == SkipRateLimiting {
			return false
		}

		key := fmt.Sprintf("reddit:%s:ratelimited", rac.redditId)
		_, err := rac.client.redis.Get(context.Background(), key).Result()
		return err != redis.Nil
	*/
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) markRateLimited(rli *RateLimitingInfo) error {
	return nil

	/*
		if rac.redditId == SkipRateLimiting {
			return ErrRequiresRedditId
		}

		if !rli.Present {
			return nil
		}

		if rli.Remaining > RequestRemainingBuffer {
			return nil
		}

		_ = rac.client.statsd.Incr("reddit.api.ratelimit", nil, 1.0)

		key := fmt.Sprintf("reddit:%s:ratelimited", rac.redditId)
		duration := time.Duration(rli.Reset) * time.Second
		info := fmt.Sprintf("%+v", *rli)

		if rli.Used > 2000 {
			_, err := rac.client.redis.HSet(context.Background(), "reddit:ratelimited:crazy", rac.redditId, info).Result()
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}

		_, err := rac.client.redis.SetEX(context.Background(), key, info, duration).Result()
		return err
	*/
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) RefreshTokens(ctx context.Context, opts ...RequestOption) (*RefreshTokenResponse, error) {
	errmap := map[int]error{
		400: ErrOauthRevoked,
		429: ErrTooManyRequests,
	}

	opts = append(rac.client.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithTags([]string{"url:/api/v1/access_token"}),
		WithMethod("POST"),
		WithURL("https://www.reddit.com/api/v1/access_token"),
		WithBody("grant_type", "refresh_token"),
		WithBody("refresh_token", rac.refreshToken),
		WithBasicAuth(rac.client.id, rac.client.secret),
	}...)
	req := NewRequest(opts...)

	rtr, err := rac.request(ctx, req, errmap, NewRefreshTokenResponse, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	ret := rtr.(*RefreshTokenResponse)
	if ret.RefreshToken == "" {
		ret.RefreshToken = rac.refreshToken
	}

	return ret, nil
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) AboutInfo(ctx context.Context, fullname string, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	opts = append(rac.client.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithMethod("GET"),
		WithToken(rac.accessToken),
		WithURL("https://oauth.reddit.com/api/info"),
		WithQuery("id", fullname),
	}...)
	req := NewRequest(opts...)

	lr, err := rac.request(ctx, req, defaultErrorMap, NewListingResponse, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return lr.(*ListingResponse), nil
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) UserPosts(ctx context.Context, user string, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	url := fmt.Sprintf("https://oauth.reddit.com/u/%s/submitted", user)
	opts = append(rac.client.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithMethod("GET"),
		WithToken(rac.accessToken),
		WithURL(url),
	}...)
	req := NewRequest(opts...)

	lr, err := rac.request(ctx, req, defaultErrorMap, NewListingResponse, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return lr.(*ListingResponse), nil
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) UserAbout(ctx context.Context, user string, opts ...RequestOption) (*UserResponse, error) {
	url := fmt.Sprintf("https://oauth.reddit.com/u/%s/about", user)
	opts = append(rac.client.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithMethod("GET"),
		WithToken(rac.accessToken),
		WithURL(url),
	}...)
	req := NewRequest(opts...)
	ur, err := rac.request(ctx, req, defaultErrorMap, NewUserResponse, nil)

	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return ur.(*UserResponse), nil

}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) SubredditAbout(ctx context.Context, subreddit string, opts ...RequestOption) (*SubredditResponse, error) {
	url := fmt.Sprintf("https://oauth.reddit.com/r/%s/about", subreddit)
	opts = append(rac.client.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithMethod("GET"),
		WithToken(rac.accessToken),
		WithURL(url),
	}...)
	req := NewRequest(opts...)
	srr, err := rac.request(ctx, req, defaultErrorMap, NewSubredditResponse, nil)

	if err != nil {
		if err == ErrOauthRevoked {
			return nil, ErrSubredditIsPrivate
		} else if serr, ok := err.(ServerError); ok {
			if serr.StatusCode == 404 {
				return nil, ErrSubredditNotFound
			}
		}
		return nil, err
	}

	sr := srr.(*SubredditResponse)
	if sr.Quarantined {
		return nil, ErrSubredditIsQuarantined
	}

	return sr, nil
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) subredditPosts(ctx context.Context, subreddit string, sort string, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	url := fmt.Sprintf("https://oauth.reddit.com/r/%s/%s", subreddit, sort)
	opts = append(rac.client.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithMethod("GET"),
		WithToken(rac.accessToken),
		WithURL(url),
	}...)
	req := NewRequest(opts...)

	lr, err := rac.request(ctx, req, defaultErrorMap, NewListingResponse, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return lr.(*ListingResponse), nil
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) SubredditHot(ctx context.Context, subreddit string, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	return rac.subredditPosts(ctx, subreddit, "hot", opts...)
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) SubredditTop(ctx context.Context, subreddit string, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	return rac.subredditPosts(ctx, subreddit, "top", opts...)
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) SubredditNew(ctx context.Context, subreddit string, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	return rac.subredditPosts(ctx, subreddit, "new", opts...)
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) MessageInbox(ctx context.Context, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	opts = append(rac.client.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithTags([]string{"url:/api/v1/message/inbox"}),
		WithMethod("GET"),
		WithToken(rac.accessToken),
		WithURL("https://oauth.reddit.com/message/inbox"),
		WithEmptyResponseBytes(122),
	}...)
	req := NewRequest(opts...)

	lr, err := rac.request(ctx, req, defaultErrorMap, NewListingResponse, EmptyListingResponse)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return lr.(*ListingResponse), nil
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) MessageUnread(ctx context.Context, opts ...RequestOption) (*ListingResponse, error) {
	opts = append(rac.client.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithTags([]string{"url:/api/v1/message/unread"}),
		WithMethod("GET"),
		WithToken(rac.accessToken),
		WithURL("https://oauth.reddit.com/message/unread"),
		WithEmptyResponseBytes(122),
	}...)

	req := NewRequest(opts...)

	lr, err := rac.request(ctx, req, defaultErrorMap, NewListingResponse, EmptyListingResponse)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return lr.(*ListingResponse), nil
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) Me(ctx context.Context, opts ...RequestOption) (*MeResponse, error) {
	opts = append(rac.client.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithTags([]string{"url:/api/v1/me"}),
		WithMethod("GET"),
		WithToken(rac.accessToken),
		WithURL("https://oauth.reddit.com/api/v1/me"),
	}...)

	req := NewRequest(opts...)
	mr, err := rac.request(ctx, req, defaultErrorMap, NewMeResponse, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return mr.(*MeResponse), nil
}

func (rac *AuthenticatedClient) TopLevelComments(ctx context.Context, subreddit string, threadID string, opts ...RequestOption) (*ThreadResponse, error) {
	url := fmt.Sprintf("https://oauth.reddit.com/r/%s/comments/%s/.json", subreddit, threadID)

	opts = append(rac.client.defaultOpts, opts...)
	opts = append(opts, []RequestOption{
		WithTags([]string{"url:/comments"}),
		WithMethod("GET"),
		WithToken(rac.accessToken),
		WithURL(url),
		WithQuery("sort", "new"),
		WithQuery("limit", "100"),
		WithQuery("depth", "1"),
	}...)

	req := NewRequest(opts...)
	tr, err := rac.request(ctx, req, defaultErrorMap, NewThreadResponse, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return tr.(*ThreadResponse), nil
}